A Research Study On Health Promotion, Behavior Change

Abstract Workplace wellbeing has been an important aspect of government and employer focused for the past few years. Considering that people spend such a large amount of the time at work. Employment is a key element in promoting good health and the World Health Organization recognises the workplace as a key avenue for health promotion (WHO, 2015). A systematic literature search was undertaken to establish the importance of workplace for promotion of good health practices, particularly in a social cultural context of behavioural changes in nursing field when encountering different situation at work such as stress and bullying, and how does multicultural workplace affects behaviour of each staff. Keywords Literature review, systematic,†¦show more content†¦Different people (nurses) cope with this in different ways some better than others (Chang, et.al., 2006). Method Literature search This study began with a database search to locate all the current and relevant articles about workplace-based health promotion. A total of nine articles from the last ten years have been assessed for relevance for the study. Data Analysis To evaluate the studies, articles were entered into a literature review matrix, identifying the specific aims of the study, demographic, methods, major findings, limitations and article focus. Data were analysed using content analysis to produce a descriptive summary of the content. Results were independently reviewed within each article and data were analysed to identify the causes of behavioural changes. Results A total of nine articles from the nine original studies using qualitative and quantitative research methods met the criteria for inclusion in the study (9 articles with different research objectives with similar participants). Four out of nine stated that the most common cause of changes in behaviour is job satisfaction, followed by language and different values and beliefs. Four articles have been critically analysed to conclude that job satisfaction is the most common cause of behavioural changes in the workplace (Chang, Daly, Hancock, Bidewell, Johnson, Lambert, Lambert, 2006; Chang, Bidewell, W., Huntington, Daly, J., Johnson, Wilson,

City Beautiful vs. Pattern Essay Sample free essay sample

Striking differences can be seen in the application of architectural theories presented and advocated by Alexander and Burnham. The manner and subjects of the two architectural manners vary in facets and arrangements distinct in their ain sense. Therefore. both manners serve to make development and development in their really ain distinct intent and go forth a long and permanent grade. Burnham’s Style The architectural manner of Burnham and his advocators revolve around the issue of making something new and innovating new architectural manners. â€Å"The cardinal ideological struggle environing the City Beautiful pitted innovation and invention against continuity and tradition. † ( Hines. 2004. p. 1 ) It is in this logic that the architectural manner is founded. In add-on. Burnham follows the way of design advocated by their European opposite numbers. â€Å"Burnham and his associates saw the United States as a rightful inheritor to the traditions of Western civilization and take therefore to remember. celebrate. and use those traditions themselves. † ( Hines. 2004. p. 1 ) It is in this sense that he founded the term â€Å"City Beautiful† . Looking at the capablenesss of such undertaking. â€Å"the birthplace and push of City Beautiful planning was classical and Baroque in its accent upon emanations of edifices and unfastened infinites arranged in groups. † ( Hines. 2004. p. 1 ) There is besides another distinguishable aspect of this undertaking based on its consequence that contributes to the perceptual experience of the oculus. â€Å"For the parallax consequence. it depended on the motion of the person. or the human emanation. through infinite from one specific point to another. † ( Hines. 2004. p. 1 ) Looking at its application. the â€Å"City Beautiful boasts different patterns every bit far as the American architectural foundations that contribute to its beauty and magnificence. â€Å"The impact on the person of this agreement. repeat. and ceremonial emanation was. in the Baroque and in the City Beautiful. calculatedly powerful. impressive. and traveling. † ( Hines. 2004. p. 1 ) Alexander’s manner Christopher Alexander’s manner revolves and emphasizes the importance of pattern creative activity in an architectural work. He referred and called this ‘Pattern Language’ . â€Å"Alexander’s â€Å"Pattern Language† describes a extremely structured aggregation of forms. intended as a practical usher for architectural interior decorators. † ( Sanders. 2001. p. 1 ) With respects to the particulars. â€Å"the linguistic communication described contains 253 forms split into three wide classs. towns. edifices and building. † ( Sanders. 2001. p. 1 ) In the first portion. Towns looks into 94 pattern aggregations. However. it must be mentioned that there is more to it than merely apparent design. â€Å"Alexander suggests that the interior decorator should believe about the issues which surround mundane and political life in a wider context when shiping any new undertaking. † ( Sanders. 2001. p. 1 ) Therefore. this manner is focused on the populations demands by agencies of making services and installations fit for the community. Buildings cover at least 100 forms that Alexander created. Again. like the town. Alexander had a intent and subject in his creative activity of edifices. â€Å"In the design of a edifice Alexander draws upon psychological surveies in peculiar and suggests forms for the proviso of installations which these surveies recommend. † ( Sanders. 2001. p. 1 ) The edifices concentrate on making intent on every design given. In add-on. the design is deemed to co-occur with social forms present in urban life and be one with the proprietor of such edifice. The last portion of the forms consists of building. â€Å"Having provided a definition for good edifices. Alexander coatings his aggregation of forms by specifying the right manner to build edifices. † ( Sanders. 2001. p. 1 ) These are elaborate suggestions on how to progress in building. One illustration is â€Å"specifying categories of stuffs and approximative dimensions appropriate for assorted building undertakings. † ( Sanders. 2001. p. 1 ) Comparison The comparing of the two architectural manners will be dependent on its capablenesss in turn toing the cardinal facets of urban design. The two thoughts that shall be used are the ( 1 ) topographic points for people and ( 2 ) the ability to do connexions. First portion looks into facet that it must be topographic points for people. â€Å"They besides need to be typical. offer assortment. pick and merriment. † ( Urban Design Compendium. p. 1 ) Looking at the manner of Burnham. he seeks to make an environment out on the issue of beauty elegance and magnificence. By accommodating European constructs and architectural manners. he can make and capture this design to suit the urban society in America. On the other manus. Alexander’s manner focuses more on the individualistic and comparative penchants of people. By showcasing different options in his designs. his manner can be dynamic in turn toing varied demands of American urban society. The following portion looks into the manner urban design can do connexions with people. â€Å"Places must be easy to acquire to and good incorporate both physically and visually with their milieus so people can travel about without attempt. † ( Urban Design Compendium. p. 1 ) In Burnham manner. he makes the connexion by easing the procedure of grasp which is denoted by the beauty and aesthetic constituents of his work. In add-on. he creates a nexus by transforming educational background of aesthetic architecture and puts it into pattern. On the other manus. for Alexander. decently integrating values and position in every form is one manner he creates connexion with people. It can be argued that his design of forms are founded and based on the current position of urban society. Alexander manner and pattern of duty in design has paved the manner for the creative activity of connexion with American urban society. Mentions Hines. Thomas ( 2004 ) ‘Architecture: The City Beautiful Movement’in Encyclopedia of Chicago.Retrieved November 17. 2007 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. encyclopaedia. chicagohistory. org/pages/61. hypertext markup language Drum sanders. R. ( 2001 )Pattern Language by Christopher Alexander.Retrieved November 17. 2007 from hypertext transfer protocol: //people. arch. usyd. edu. au/~rob/study/PatternLanguage. hypertext markup language Urban Design Compendium.Key Aspects of Design.Retrieved November 17. 2007 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. urbandesigncompendium. co. uk/keyaspectsofDesign